000 04037nam a22005055i 4500
001 978-4-431-54222-3
003 DE-He213
005 20140220082926.0
007 cr nn 008mamaa
008 130322s2013 ja | s |||| 0|eng d
020 _a9784431542223
_9978-4-431-54222-3
024 7 _a10.1007/978-4-431-54222-3
_2doi
050 4 _aQH359-425
072 7 _aPSAJ
_2bicssc
072 7 _aSCI027000
_2bisacsh
082 0 4 _a576.8
_223
100 1 _aShichida, Yoshinori.
_eauthor.
245 1 0 _aEvolution and Senses
_h[electronic resource] :
_bOpsins, Bitter Taste, and Olfaction /
_cby Yoshinori Shichida, Takahiro Yamashita, Hiroo Imai, Takushi Kishida.
264 1 _aTokyo :
_bSpringer Japan :
_bImprint: Springer,
_c2013.
300 _aX, 46 p. 12 illus., 10 illus. in color.
_bonline resource.
336 _atext
_btxt
_2rdacontent
337 _acomputer
_bc
_2rdamedia
338 _aonline resource
_bcr
_2rdacarrier
347 _atext file
_bPDF
_2rda
490 1 _aSpringerBriefs in Biology,
_x2192-2179
520 _aThis book focuses on sensing and the evolution of animals. Using the five senses (visual, auditory, and olfactory perception, and taste and touch), animals can receive environmental stimuli and respond to them. Changes in these sensitivities might cause changes in aspects of animals’ lives such as habitat, activity timing, and diet—and vice versa. Recent advances in genome and molecular analysis enable us to investigate certain changes in the receptors or mechanisms involved in sensing and provide clues for understanding the evolution of animals related to those changes. The first chapter deals with the molecular evolution of opsins. In addition to the well-known function of opsins as visual receptors, opsins can be related to non-visual photoreception such as photoentrainment of circadian rhythm, photoperiodism, and background adaptation. Molecular phylogenic studies reveal that all opsin genes have evolved from one ancient opsin gene. The evaluation of the functions of each extant opsin protein based on the molecular features enables us to predict the molecular evolution and diversification of opsins during the evolution of animals. These studies shed light on which amino-acid substitutions cause the functional diversification of opsins and how they have influenced the evolution of animals. The second chapter has to do with bitter taste perception, a key detection mechanism against the ingestion of bioactive substances. Genetic and behavioral evidence reveal the existence of "non-taster" Japanese macaques for specific bitter compounds, which originated in a restricted region of Japan. This finding might provide a clue for elucidating the ecological, evolutionary, and neurobiological aspects of bitter taste perception of primates. The third chapter presents an extreme example of the evolution of olfaction, namely, that fully aquatic amniotes have generally reduced their olfactory capacity considerably compared to their terrestrial relatives. Interestingly, the remaining olfactory abilities are quite different among three fully aquatic amniotes investigated: toothed whales have no nervous system structures that mediate olfaction, but baleen whales can smell in air, and it has been suggested that sea snakes smell underwater.
650 0 _aLife sciences.
650 0 _aDevelopmental biology.
650 0 _aEvolution (Biology).
650 0 _aAnimal genetics.
650 1 4 _aLife Sciences.
650 2 4 _aEvolutionary Biology.
650 2 4 _aAnimal Genetics and Genomics.
650 2 4 _aDevelopmental Biology.
700 1 _aYamashita, Takahiro.
_eauthor.
700 1 _aImai, Hiroo.
_eauthor.
700 1 _aKishida, Takushi.
_eauthor.
710 2 _aSpringerLink (Online service)
773 0 _tSpringer eBooks
776 0 8 _iPrinted edition:
_z9784431542216
830 0 _aSpringerBriefs in Biology,
_x2192-2179
856 4 0 _uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-54222-3
912 _aZDB-2-SBL
999 _c99056
_d99056