Full Papers -- Evolution of the Long Non-coding RNAs MALAT1 and MEN?/? -- Granger Causality in Systems Biology: Modeling Gene Networks in Time Series Microarray Data Using Vector Autoregressive Models -- Semi-supervised Approach for Finding Cancer Sub-classes on Gene Expression Data -- Bounds on the Transposition Distance for Lonely Permutations -- Insights on Haplotype Inference on Large Genotype Datasets -- Extended Abstracts -- An SVM Model Based on Physicochemical Properties to Predict Antimicrobial Activity from Protein Sequences with Cysteine Knot Motifs -- Enabling Annotation Provenance in Bioinformatics Workflow Applications -- BAT: A New Biclustering Analysis Toolbox -- Detection of Protein Domains in Eukaryotic Genome Sequences -- Discretization of Flexible-Receptor Docking Data.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th Brazilian Symposium on Bioinformatics, BSB 2010, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in August/September 2010. The 5 full papers and 5 extended abstracts presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The topics of interest vary in many areas of Bioinformatics, including sequence analysis, motifs, and pattern matching; biomedical text mining; biological databases, data management, integration; biological data mining; structural, comparative, and functional genomics; protein structure, modeling and simulation; gene identification, and regulation; gene expression analysis; gene and protein interaction and networks; molecular docking; molecular evolution and phylogenetics; computational systems biology; computational proteomics; statistical analysis of molecular sequences; algorithms for problems in computational biology; as well as applications in molecular biology, biochemistry, genetics, and associated subjects.