CAI: Imaging, Modeling and Visualization -- Visualization and Planning of Neurosurgical Interventions with Straight Access -- Active Multispectral Illumination and Image Fusion for Retinal Microsurgery -- An Iterative Framework for Improving the Accuracy of Intraoperative Intensity-Based 2D/3D Registration for Image-Guided Orthopedic Surgery -- Automatic Phases Recognition in Pituitary Surgeries by Microscope Images Classification -- Clinical Applications and Validation -- C-arm Tracking by Intensity-Based Registration of a Fiducial in Prostate Brachytherapy -- First Animal Cadaver Study for Interlocking of Intramedullary Nails under Camera Augmented Mobile C-arm -- Medical Robotics, Instrumentation, and Modeling -- Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Ultrasound -- New Kinematic Metric for Quantifying Surgical Skill for Flexible Instrument Manipulation -- GPU-Accelerated Robotic Intra-operative Laparoscopic 3D Reconstruction -- A Minimally Invasive Multimodality Image-Guided (MIMIG) Molecular Imaging System for Peripheral Lung Cancer Intervention and Diagnosis -- Simulating Dynamic Ultrasound Using MR-derived Motion Models to Assess Respiratory Synchronisation for Image-Guided Liver Interventions -- Cardiovascular Modeling and Navigation -- Rapid Image Registration of Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography and X-ray Fluoroscopy for the Guidance of Cardiac Interventions -- Patient-Specific Modeling and Analysis of the Mitral Valve Using 3D-TEE -- Evaluation of a 4D Cone-Beam CT Reconstruction Approach Using an Anthropomorphic Phantom -- Planning, Simulation, and Guidance -- Determination of Pelvic Orientation from Ultrasound Images Using Patch-SSMs and a Hierarchical Speed of Sound Compensation Strategy -- Ultrasound Servoing of Catheters for Beating Heart Valve Repair -- Towards a Verified Simulation Model for Radiofrequency Ablations -- Early Clinical Evaluation of a Computer Assisted Planning System for Deep Brain Surgeries: 1 Year of Clinical Assistance.

This book constitutes the proceedings of the First international Conference on Information Processing in Computer-Assisted Interventions, IPCAI 2010, held in Geneva, Switzerland, in June 2010. The 18 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 40 submissions. The contributions are grouped in topical sections on CAI: imaging, modeling and visualization; clinical applications and validation; medical robotics, instrumentation, and modeling; cardiovasvular modeling and navigation; and planning, simulation, and guidance.